Osmosis and diffusion lab report Sample

Osmosis and diffusion lab report Paper Introduction: The purpose of experiment 1 was to demonstrate the principle of simple diffusion and understand how to make % solutions. Exercise 2 demonstrated the principle of osmosis: observing the movement of water by osmosis from an area of lower concentration of a solute to an area of higher concentration of a solute. Materials and Method: Refer to pages 47-51 of Bio LOLL Lab Manual. Results/ Discussion: The effect of the chloride ion on its rate of diffusion in agar means it will diffuse faster because it is more concentrated. We graphed the diffusion of chloride ions rather than sodium ions because while the sodium ions do diffuse in to the agar the chloride ions from the Niacin will combine with silver ions, from Again and create a white precipitate. The white precipitate allows us to measure the the white band through the agar at different points and determine the rate of diffusion of the chloride ions. If the the agar concentration was increased 10% the rate of chloride ion diffusion would most likely decrease since it would be a denser gel. The rate of osmosis for tube 1 was 0 g/her, tube 2 was 1. 13 g/her, tube 3 was 3. 63 g/her, tube 4 was 6. 39 g/her, and tube 5 was 7. 51 g/her. The rate of osmosis depends on the concentration of sucrose the water will move from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. The factors that could have contributed to any errors in measurements, are incorrect petting, gives you less or more of the required amount needed in the dialysis bags, and will change the mass of each bag that is to be recorded. We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis and diffusion lab report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis and diffusion lab report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Osmosis and diffusion lab report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Calcutta essays

Calcutta essays Calcutta, India; a city that no one has probably never have heard before but the truth is that this little town is ful of wonder. Its national name is Bharat and is ruled by A.P.J Abdul Koulam. The prime minister is Atal Biham Vajpayee. It has 1,049,700,118 people living in its little city that is 827 denisty per sq mile and 1, 269,338 sq miles. Its current monetary unit is Rupee. The main language spoken there is Hindi and English. The majior races are Indo- Aryan which consits of 72%, Drauidian which consits of 25% and Mongoloid which consits of 3%. The official religions are Hindu-81.3%, Islam-12%, Christian-2.3%, Sikh-1.9% and other-2.5%. The nations literacy rate is 52% and the growth rate is 1.5%. The birth rate is 23.3% and 406 million citizens make up the labor force with 60% for agriculture, 23% industry, and 17% for other services. Even with all this employment there is still a 4.4% unemployment rate and a percent of 3.5 of inflation exists in Calcutta. The majior agriculture goods produced in my nation are rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, tea, sugarcane, potatoes, cattle, water, buffalo, sheep, goats, poultry, and fish. The natural resources are coal, iron, manganese, mica, bauxite, titanium, ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, and limestone. The majior industries of this nation are textiles, chemicals, steel, cement, mining, machinery and pertroleum. 44.5 billion primary exports consits of textile goods, gems, chemicals and leather. 53.8 billion primary imports consits of crude oil, machinery, gems, fertilizer, and chemicals. As we have in the USA, entertainment is a very good sense of pass time for us. In Calcutta 116 million radios are found and they have 153 A.M. radion stations and 91 F.M, and 68 shortwave stations. You will find 63 million televisions and 562 television stations. They have 43 internet providers and there are 5 million internet users. Transportation is an important asset to all count ...

Benzene and Activating Group

In the mechanism, the alkene in the benzene ring attacks the Br2 group leaving a carbocation intermediate and a bromine anion. The Br2 was in an HBr solution, which used as a catalyst similar to FeBr3. The bromine anion then deprotonated a beta hydrogen, forming HBr and a benzene ring with the activating substituent and bromine. This reaction could be repeated up to two more times based on the strength of the orthro/para directing group. As a result, there were many possible different products when the aromatic compounds underwent bromination. For aniline, the prediction was that the product would be 2,4,6-tribromoaniline because anime was a very strong activating group that reacted strongly with halogenations reactions in general. For phenol, the hydroxy group was also a ring activating and electron donating group. A disubstituted bromine product was predicted because the hydroxy group was not as powerful as the amide. Anisole also had an activating group in a methoxy group and the prediction was from the anisole bromination reaction would be a disubstituted product. Lastly, for acetamide, the amide group was considered to be not a strong activating group compared to the anime, hydroxy, and methoxy groups because of the fact that the electrons were not localized in the amide due to resonance. As a result, this reduced the activation of the benzene ring and the predicted product was 4-bromoacetanilide. Mechanism (for acetanilide): Results: Compound| Melting Tempeature (degrees Celsius)| Product (g)| Anisole| N/A| oil| Aniline| 119-120; 116-117 | 0. 116g; 0. 010g| Phenol| N/A; 36-51| 0. 325; 0. 007| Acetanilide| 166-168; 156-162| 0. 140g; 0. 111g| Calculations are posted at the back Reaction| Limiting Reagant| Actual Yield| Percent Yield:| Acetanilide| Acetanilide| 0. 140g| 65. 4 %| Discussion:The reaction that was done in lab was the bromination of acetamide. Overall, the reaction was pretty efficient as the percent yield of the reaction was 65%. Due to using a 10% v/v bromine solution, there was 0. 15 ml (0. 02 mol) of bromine in 1. 5 ml of the solution. Compared about 0. 135 g of acetamide used (0. 01 mol), there was an excess of bromine to react with the acetamide. As a result, there may have been not enough acetamide to react with bromine. The product also appeared to be somewhat water soluable, which reduced the efficiency. Also, the reactions done by the other groups had similar results or inefficient reactions that had small yields. Based on the melting point measurements in lab, the rankings in terms of reactivity were aniline, phenol, anisole, and acetamide. As predicted before, aniline was ranked as the most reactive because the product was 2,4,6-tribromoaniline, which had a melting point of 119-120 Â °C. The second most reactive aromatic compound was phenol with products 2,4 and 2,6 dibromophenol at 36 to 51 Â °C. The hydroxy group was a good activating group, but not strong enough to activate the benzene ring for a third bromination due to the deactivating effects of the added benzylic bromine. The third most reactive compound was anisole with an oil and possible products for this reaction could be 2 or 4 or 2,6 bromoanisole. Based on this reactivity, the methoxy group had steric bulk and the oxygen in the methoxy preferred to stabilize adjacent bromines. The least reactive compound was acetamide, with a product of 4-bromoacetanilide. The amide group in acetanilide was bulky, so preferring the ortho position would mean a more stable product with less steric interaction. Overall, the predictions in the theory matched besides the anisole. The results make sense because as the reactivity decreases, it was down to factors such as electron delocalization due to resonance, steric bulk, and bromine being a deactivator to the benzene ring. Sources of Errors: Sources of errors may result from not crashing the reaction with enough water and sodium bisulfite and not rinsing the product with water during vacuum filtration. Conclusion: The product obtained in the reaction was 4-bromoacetanilide and the order of reactivity of bromination was determined. Calculations: Mol of Bromine: 10% v/v = (0. 15 mL Br2) x (3. 11 g/mL) x (159. 81 g/mol) = 0. 003 mol Br2 Mol of Acetanilide: (0. 135g acetanilide) x (1 mol/135. 17 g) = 0. 001 mol acetanilide Acetanilide is Limiting Reagant. Theoretical Yield: (0. 135g acetanilide) x (1 mol acetanilide/135. 17 g) x (1 mol 4-bromoacetanilide/1 acetanilide) x (215. 07 g/1 mol 4-bromoacetanilide) = 0. 215g Percent Yield: . 140g/ 0. 215g= 65. 1%

In Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House, Ibsen explores as to why Nora, the Research Paper

In Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House, Ibsen explores as to why Nora, the main character and protagonist, lacks such values and str - Research Paper Example Through the ‘ideology of separate spheres’, women became trapped within the domestic sphere, thus isolating them from the world and holding them back from forming complete identities. The reference used by Ibsen for the title, suggests the false and constructed reality of the domestic sphere as it limits women from reaching their potential In Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll House† Ibsen explores as to why Nora, the main character and protagonist, lacks such values and struggles to find her own authentic identity in the face of a tyrannical male domineering society. During the 19th century a specific ideology in Victorian England emerged that defined the spaces in which the genders were assigned. Women were confined to the dominion of their husband within the domestic sphere, their lives to be lived within the space of home and social experience. Males were in dominion of the public sphere, their lives expanded to include business and politics with women not all owed, by law, to participate in their lives, which included their economic status where financial and real estate was concerned. There is some debate about the representation of separate spheres within literature. ... Some of this might be observed with â€Å"A Doll’s House†, although not outside of a believable relationship between a man and a woman, there is a distinct point made about the nature of male oppression. As Helmer uses diminutive language towards his wife, he sets the nature of their relationship through treating his wife like a child, a ‘doll’ that is coddled and protected into an unrealistic framework in which he dominates all important aspects of their life together. Helmer says to her â€Å"The same little feather head† and â€Å"Hasn’t Miss Sweet-Tooth been breaking rules in town today?† (Ibsen 12, 14). In regard to her spending habits he says â€Å"It’s a sweet little spendthrift, but she uses up a deal of money† (Ibsen 14). He treats her like a child, speaking to her in a manner that is condescending and without any sort of recognition of her adult place within the marriage. Nora is not a complete person to him, but someone who has no sense and must be considered without any regard to the concept of her opinion. He determines what is important within the household and when he fails to see some of the aspects of domestic life that must be attended, she must find ways to manipulate their relationship in order to accomplish what must be done. Her choices are limited because she is not considered to have a valuable place within their household, other than that which he has determined she is qualified to hold. When Helmer addresses her by saying â€Å"Hasn’t Miss Sweet-Tooth been breaking rules in town today†, he is chastising her like she is a naughty child, ‘teasing; her with the idea that she is not in control of her desires and impulses (Ibsen 14). He further diminishes her when he speaks to her without a direct application of her name, the

Women civil right movement, the first wave of the 1920's Research Paper - 1

Women civil right movement, the first wave of the 1920's - Research Paper Example Similarly, this ideal was the basis for the Equal Rights Amendment Act campaign in 1970. The first wave of the 1920s had thus begun and its end came when women got the right to vote in 1920 (Wood & Fixmer-Oraiz 61-62). Following 2 days of debate and discussion, the initial women’s rights movement in Seneca Falls in New York, ended with the signing of the Declaration of Sentiments by 68 women and 32 men that saw the grievances of women being pointed out and the agenda for women’s rights movement being set. The declaration contained 12 points that were centered on voting rights of women and equality between women and men in the law. Two years later, the first National Women’s Rights Convention took place in Massachusetts where over 1000 participants were present and this saw the beginning of the annual national conventions till 1860 with the exception of 1857. May of 1869 saw Elizabeth Stanton and Susan Anthony form the National Women Suffrage Association whose primary objective was to institute a Congressional amendment to the Constitution that would make it possible for women to realize voting rights. In November of the same year, the American Women Suffrage Association is for med by Henry Blackwell, Lucy Stone and others and this organization solely sought to make amendments to individual states’ laws in order to realize the attainment of voting rights of women. Lucy Stone was recognized as becoming the foremost woman documented to maintain her own name subsequent to marriage. Wyoming became the first state to pass the women’s suffrage law in 10th December 1869 and in the following year women start to participate in juries in their state (DuBois 74-77). In 1890, the National Woman Suffrage Association together with the American Women Suffrage Association merged to come up with the National American Women Suffrage Association. This became the movement’s mainstream organization and as such set out on

Cherish the Childrens Thinking Essay Example for Free

Cherish the Childrens Thinking Essay Do you think teachers should cherish the children’ s thinking? Most people think the teachers should treasure the children’s thinking and give the children a space to think freely. It is important for children to cherish their chance to think freely, because they may lose the imagination when they grow up. If all people in the world do not have imagination, this world would not have some new technology products and this society won’t progress. This world needs to keep the pace of progress because no progress is backwards, for example the gasoline is less and less in the world, if scientists can’t create a new energy, then gasoline will disappear. So, this world need to progress by imagination and creativity. The teachers should train and treasure the children’s imagination in order to develop this world and keep progressing. Nowadays, most people have lost the ability of imagining because they had seen too many real things, for example they can’t believe there are some aliens in this world. However, the children believe that the aliens are real in the world because the children are naà ¯ve and willing to trust anything. Thus, teachers should cherish the children’s freedom to think and make their thinking positive in order to develop their own better, earn more academic knowledge and change their lives in the future. Firstly, in order to get a better development of children, the teacher should make children’s thinking more positive. Ho (2007) argues that the American education is not advanced, but it is better in other ways than other countries from the article called â€Å"We Should Cherish Our Children’s Freedom to Think†. (page112) He compares the education of him and his son and discovers they are very different. He had to memorize something about academic knowledge, for example the main cities in the world, lines for Hamlet and a number of math formulas. In contrast, his son studied everything by some experiences, for example he drew a map from his home to school and label every street and building he passed when he was six years old. (Ho, 2007, page112) He agrees this learning method because this kind of education can help the children develop their ideas and creativity. The children are the hope of world, so the teacher must use current and suitable methods to educate the children in order that children develop better. Secondly, if the teachers make students study in the process of playing games and answer the questions actively, the children will earn more academic knowledge. If the children’s ideas are accepted by their teachers and their teacher praise them, the children will keep their thinking and want to get more praise. In this case, the teachers should praise the positive ideas of the children and veto the negative thinking. Ho’s teachers answered the question and gave them a correct answer only when they asked, and he didn’t have a chance to make a decision in many cases. However, his son got a good laugh and an A grade from his teacher when he asked his teacher question and told his teacher his ideas. (Ho) And Ho’s son learned the knowledge of history through play the role. (Ho) Those are good ways to educate, b ecause this way can make the student more confidence, more interested in study and study more industriously. Thus, they will get more academic knowledge. Finally, the people will be able to change their life through some original ideas if they keep their imagination and creativity. Nowadays, this world needs more new products that can attract your eyeballs. If you have the abilities of imagination and creativity, you can change the world. For example Steve Jobs, who is a legend in the world, changed the whole world. Because of his ideas, he created many technology products called iPhone, iPod, iMac and so on. Those products all changed the habits of people, for example many people always put the iPhone in the hand and watch it. Thereforeï ¼Å'the people of the whole world are fond of his product designed by him. Then he had become a rich and excellent man. Thus, we should treasure the thinking of childrenï ¼Å'either kill the imagination in order that they can get a better life in t he future and change this world. In conclusion, American education can make children think freely. For example Ho’s son drew a map when he was six years ago. Special method that is to praise children and play the role can make children earn more knowledge. Keeping the children’s thinking may make them get better life and become a person who can change the world such as Jobs. I think most countries can change their system of education and the teacher should use other ways to educate children. They should respect the children’s ideas and do not kill their imagination and creativity in order that children develop better, earn more knowledge and change their lives and world.

Amr Moussa :: Essays Papers

Amr Moussa I am Amr Moussa. I currently represent the country of Egypt as Secretary General of the Arab League, but that’s getting ahead of myself. Allow me to take you back to my beginning. I was born on October 3rd 1936 (Medea’s Information files, 2002 pg 1). While I was growing up I studied law in Cairo, Egypt before I started my successful career as a civil servant. My duties as a civil servant began once I started in the office of Egyptian Foreign Affairs Ministry in 1958(Medea’s Information files 2002 pg 1). This was my first big break and I was going to take full advantage of it. In 1967, some 9 years later, I became the Egyptian Ambassador to India(The African Center, London 2002 pg 1). To me this was the break I had been looking for in my career. This was an opportunity I knew I had to capitalize on, and I did. I was also rewarded with permanent Representation to the United Nations in 1990(Medea’s Information files/Medea 2002 pg 1). Acting as the middleman between Israelis and Palestinians in 1992, when secret talks were going on, I gave my full support to the Declaration of Principles in September of 1993 to guarantee the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) of Egypt’s support. I was a supporter of the Israeli integration in the Middle East. I was very critical of the Israeli government for not having full support over the commitment to the peace process. I was also outraged at the lack of full support for not signing the new Non-Nuclear proliferation Treaty in 1995(Medea’s Information files 2002 pg 1). I have worked extremely hard my whole life to bring my country (Egypt) closer to neighboring countries such as Syria, Jordan, and Iran. Since I started on this journey, I have gained extensive ground to make such progress that is seen today. However there is still no guarantee that the relationships we have made will stand in future times of despair. I have been the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Government of Egypt since 1991(The African Center, London pg 1). In 2001 I was relieved of my duties at Minister for Foreign Affairs. I was recently appointed to be Secretary General of the Arab League of States in May of this past year of 2001(The African Center, London 2002 pg 1).

Evaluation Essay of China Charges into Electric Cars Essay

The article â€Å"China Charges into Electric Cars†, which written by Dumaine, Brian, talking about the plan of develop electric cars in China. This article detailed introduction of the problem which exist in building an electric automobile infrastructure in China and the money which are invested by the Chinese government to help in the expansion of the electric automobile industry. This information is very important for the electric car manufacture who want to enter Chinese market. As a new and potential electric car market, China draws attention from all around the world. If one the electric car manufacture could have a head start, it will predominate in this market for a long time. The author described the plan and policy which related to electric car by Chinese government, analyzed the current situation of Chinese electric car market and predicted the future trends. The data and information in this article are very useful and reliable, especially for an electric car manufacture such like Tesla. In this article, we can easy to find that why China will be the biggest electric car market. The author stated his purpose by using some fact and comparison between China and America. For example, at the beginning of the article, the author described a popular auto show which hold in southwestern part of China. The heavy demand and the interest from Chinese consumer can be found through this auto show. After that, the article talking about problem of Chinese environment which is an important and hard to ignore issue. Electric car alleviate the growing traffic jam and lower greenhouse-gas emissions. But the most important for China is getting out of oil addiction. The gas price for a country which per capita income is USD 2800 a year is too expensive. The second half of this article focus on the Chinese technological strength and forms of cooperation for the foreign brand who want to share this market. Those information point the way to the future for the electric company. The article’s intended audience should be the electric car manufacture and associated components supplier. In addition, it also provide some valuable information for the investors in new energy industry. This article published in Fortune magazine in 2010. Fortune is a global business magazine published by Time Inc. and founded by Henry Luce in 1930. It has strengths in professional finance analysis and report, which is named one of the world’s most influential business magazine. The author of this article, Dumaine, has worked at Fortune for 28 years in various writing and editing positions including assistant managing editor. He has won numerous journalism awards and written more than 100 feature stories for the magazine, including covers such as ‘America’s Toughest Bosses,’ ‘The Innovation Gap,’ and ‘America’s Smartest Young Entrepreneurs. ‘ Throughout his career, he has produced investigative pieces as well as articles on marketing, investing, technology, and corporate crime. As a result, this article has adequate qualification by the magazine and the author, it’s very helpful and reliable to use in the Final essay. All in all, this article reports on the present and future of Chinese electric car market and how Chinese government to develop this new industry. The author also reasons why China is interested in having more electric automobiles and wanting to stop its addiction to oil. It’s very clearly to prove that China will be the biggest electric car market in the next 50 years, the support from the Chinese government and the the actual conditions of China provided enormous opportunities for the electric car manufactures. Reference: Dumaine, B. (2010). CHINA CHARGES into ELECTRIC CARS. Fortune, 162(7), 138-148.

How Diversity

How diversity affects police work? Tract Ann Fuchs August 16, 2013 AS 310 cultural Diversity DRY. Don Kirk Macon The role of the police is to enforce the law, not to question it. This meaner that the police have been used to do society racial dirty work–to return runaway slaves to their masters and to enforce segregation in the South. We have only to think of Southern sheriffs like â€Å"Bull† Connors to remind us of how the white power structure has fought to maintain its privileges. However, it also pays to remember that it is always easier to admit the sins of the past than it is to identify those of today.Few people today would defend a sheriff like Connors, but while there Is widespread agreement today that racism is a serious problem, that consensus dwindles when people are asked to confirm specific examples. People will admit to the problem in general, but balk at attributing racist motives to any example that cuts too close to home. The police today must contend directly with a number of Issues that carry a racial subtext both in fact and in perception: crime, drugs, disorder, civil unrest, and police brutality.While some can look at the same glass and call it half empty, while there call it half full, there is ample reason to suggest that even the most optimistic observers would agree that the police face a major challenge In this era of racial anxiety (Transaction & Becquerel, 1991). The purpose of this paper will be to explore the dynamics of the racially charged issues that the police must deal with, It will also explore how and why a nationwide shift to Community Policing is essential if law enforcement Is to face the challenge of promoting greater racial harmony as we are In the 21st century.It will also contend that Community Policing helps ensure hat the police are not misused again, as they have been in the past. Given the daily interaction between law enforcement officers and the diverse public, diversity training tort law enforc ement workers aids a better understanding tot different types of people and their situations. Such education leads to better Interaction. Those whose professional ideal Is to protect and serve people equally from all backgrounds must face the challenges and complexities off diverse society.A lack of communication effectiveness, coupled with little understanding of individuals' surrounds, can result In Inadvertent violation of Individuals' rights as well as officer safety and risk issues. Officers, even more than others, must ensure that their prejudices remain in check and that they refrain from acting on any biased thought. Although our nation has been enriched by diversity, many police procedures and Interactions with citizens can be more complex because of diversity. Racial tensions and communication challenges with immigrants. Or example, are bound to complicate some police encounters. It would be naive to preach to law enforcement officers, agents, and managers about the value of diversity when day-to-day activities part of all criminal Justice representatives is required as a precursor to improving interpersonal relations and contact across cultural, ethnic, and racial lines. (Robert M. Shasta, 2103) Law enforcement officers are affected by culture diversity each day as they patrol and interact with citizen within their Jurisdictions. Communities depend on law enforcement for measures of security, safety and service.Some segments of communities have felt neglected or misunderstood by local law enforcement, leading to a lack of trust and a sense of insecurity. With this being the feeling of the community, contemporary law enforcement on the local, state, and federal level has changed immensely from the practices used by law enforcement in the past. Today law enforcement officers receive education and training far exceeding any training implemented in history. Training and education focuses on cultural diversity, religion, and effective communication.In ad dition, a demand for a more educated, professional, and level headed officer is sought-after by a system imposed of rules, regulations, policies, procedures, and laws that if not followed can result in due process of law violations, loss of cases, civil litigation's, and much more. These positive characteristics instilled in law enforcement officers alleviate behaviors considered unethical. Law enforcement officers educated in cultural diversity are less likely to apply bias, prejudice, and discrimination toward people of color, or one's sexual preference, gender, age, and religious and spiritual beliefs (Harley, 2008).Unfortunately, even with professionalism and equality at the top of law enforcement acquirement individuals working within the criminal Justice system are permitted discretionary powers that can be used in either a positive or negative manner. Law enforcement officers when encountering a situation can apply discretion based on personal, religious, and family beliefs. This, in return can be detrimental to the indigent and minority groups as ignorance appears to be a trait beneficial to an officer who engages in prejudice or discriminatory decision making.Unfair treatment, such as racial profiling, continues to be problem indigent and minorities encounter throughout the United States on a regular basis. Racial profiling has led to numerous civil litigation's, and criminal charges filed against individual officers, departments, and states. Not all bad comes from a culturally diverse Nation and criminal Justice system. Contemporary law enforcement is considered an equal opportunity employer and seeks out minority to work as professionals within the system.In addition, more minorities are attending college and receiving associates, bachelors, masters, and even doctoral degrees. Research proved by pairing law enforcement officers from different ethnic backgrounds community members are given the ability to witness Irishman different ethnic groups can, in fact coexist, and work together for the greater good of society. Moreover, in certain situations and under certain circumstances minority officers are better capable of understand and dealing with the actions of an individual from the same ethnic group than that of an officer from a different ethnicity.This in return can alleviate the possibility of verbal and physical confrontation between the citizen and law enforcement officer. Understanding different cultures can further alleviate civil litigation against the individual officer, apartment, and state as departments can create policies and procedures that assist offices when encountering minority. Diversity within a law enforcement department creative ideas. These ideas can produce a more effective and organized police department (Harley, 2008).Community policing is a key feature that was used in the past and still is by law enforcement today. Officers concerned with and focus on obtaining good community policing skills are cul turally diverse and realize establishing a rapport with members of society from the same culture and different culture is equally important. Community and law enforcement relations is crucial in more ways than not. A majority of investigations require the cooperation and assistance of community members for the successful detection and apprehension of criminal wrongdoers.Without the cooperation of community members, law enforcement is left without eye witnesses, testimony, and other assistance much needed to save valuable time, money, and resource. The Job of law enforcement requires a certain level of comfort and professionalism in interacting with people from all backgrounds whether one is working with community members to build trust r dealing with suspects, victims, and coworkers. Through increased awareness, cultural knowledge, and skills, law enforcement as a profession can increase its cultural competence.Acquiring cultural competence is not an instantaneous process; it is mul tilayered and complex, and includes: Exploration of officers' belief systems and biases Awareness of an officer's perspectives and perceptions, especially as they may differ from those associated with minority viewpoints Acquisition of cultural information relevant to the concerns of law enforcement, and he capacity to apply that knowledge in ethnic, racial, and other diverse communities Increased communication skills leading to effective rapport building and communication with all community members Development of a set of principles, attitudes, policies, and structures that will enable all individuals in an organization to work effectively and equitably across all cultures and ethnicities. There are, of course, no guarantees that Community Policing can prevent civil disorders. But by reducing opportunities for police brutality and encouraging better relations between people and their police, Community policing an reduce the threat. Obviously, Community Policing cannot solve all the underlying economic and social problems, that poor neighborhoods face.Community Officers also cannot close the income gap between whites and minorities, nor do they come to their beats bearing lists of high-paying Jobs for unskilled workers. Community Officers also cannot undo the effects of past childhood abuse and neglect. They cannot single-handedly eradicate the scourge of substance abuse, domestic evidence, illiteracy, and poverty, though they may be able to do far more than their motor patrol counterparts. Yet even the most dedicated Community Officers cannot lay both Mother and Father for all the children whose parent's simply do not care. The strategies an individual uses to approach and build rapport with his or her own cultural group may result in unexpected difficulties with another group.The acts of approaching, communicating, questioning, assisting, and establishing trust with members of culturally diverse groups require special knowledge and skills that have nothing t o do with the fact that â€Å"the law is the law' and must be enforced equally. Acquiring knowledge and skills that lead to sensitivity does not imply preferential members of all groups. (Robert M. Shasta, 2103) The American criminal Justice system was based on the belief of providing equality to all individuals legal and illegal charged with a crime or suspected of committing a crime in the United States. Unfortunately, disparity and discrimination continues to occur from the time an individual of a low socioeconomic status or of color comes into contact with law enforcement right through the entire stages of a trial, and into the correctional facility.

Lucy Maud Montgomery, Author of Anne of Green Gables

Lucy Maud Montgomery, Author of Anne of Green Gables Better known as L. M. Montgomery, Lucy Maud Montgomery (November 30, 1874–April 24, 1942) was a Canadian author. Her most famous work by far is the Anne of Green Gables series, set in a small town on Prince Edward Island in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Montgomery’s work made her a Canadian pop culture icon, as well as a beloved author around the world. Fast Facts: Lucy Maud Montgomery Known For: Author of Anne of Green Gables seriesAlso Known As: L.M. MontgomeryBorn: November 30, 1874 in Clifton, Prince Edward Island, CanadaDied: April 24, 1942 in Toronto, Ontario, CanadaSelected Works: Anne of Green Gables series, Emily of New Moon trilogy Notable Quote: We miss so much out of life if we dont love. The more we love the richer life is- even if it is only some little furry or feathery pet. (Annes House of Dreams) Early Life Lucy was an only child, born in Clifton (now New London), Prince Edward Island in 1874. Her parents were Hugh John Montgomery and Clara Woolner Macneill Montgomery. Sadly, Lucys mother Clara died of tuberculosis before Lucy turned two years old. Lucys devastated father Hugh could not handle raising Lucy on his own, so he sent her to live in Cavendish with Clara’s parents, Alexander and Lucy Woolner Macneill. A few years later, Hugh moved halfway across the country to Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, where he eventually remarried and had a family. Although Lucy was surrounded by family who loved her, she didn’t always have children her own age to play with, so her imagination developed rapidly. At age six, she began her formal education at the local one-room schoolhouse. It was also around this time that she made her first forays into writing, with some poems and a journal she kept. Her first published poem, â€Å"On Cape LeForce,† was published in 1890 in The Daily Patriot, a newspaper in Charlottetown. That same year, Lucy had gone to visit her father and stepmother in Prince Albert after finishing her schooling. The news of her publication was a pick-me-up for Lucy, who was miserable after spending time with a stepmother she did not get along with. Teaching Career and Youthful Romance In 1893, Lucy attended Prince of Wales College to get her teaching license, finishing an intended two-year course in only one year. She began teaching immediately after, although she did take a one-year break, from 1895 to 1896, to study literature at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. From there, she returned to Prince Edward Island to resume her teaching career. Lucy’s life at this point was a balancing act between her teaching duties and finding time to write; she began publishing short stories in 1897 and published around 100 of them over the next decade. But from the time she was in college, she fielded romantic interest from an array of men, most of whom she found thoroughly unimpressive. One of her teachers, John Mustard, attempted to win her over, as did her friend Will Pritchard, but Lucy rejected both- Mustard for being terribly dull, and Pritchard because she only felt friendship for him (they did remain friends until his death). In 1897, Lucy, feeling that her marital prospects were dwindling, accepted the proposal of Edwin Simpson. However, she soon came to loathe Edwin, meanwhile falling madly in love with Herman Leard, who was a member of the family she boarded with when she was teaching in Lower Bedeque. Although she was strictly religious and refused premarital sex, Lucy and Leard had a brief, passionate affair that ended in 1898; he died the same year. Lucy also broke off her engagement with Simpson, declared herself to be finished with romantic love, and returned to Cavendish to help out her recently widowed grandmother. Green Gables and World War I Lucy was already a prolific writer, but it was in 1908 that she published the novel that would ensure her place in the literary pantheon: Anne of Green Gables, about the youthful adventures of a bright, curious young orphan and the charming (if occasionally gossipy) small town of Avonlea. The novel took off, gaining popularity even outside of Canada- although outside press often tried to depict Canada as a whole as a romantic, rustic country in the vein of Avonlea. Montgomery, too, was often idealized as the perfect female author: undesiring of attention and happiest in the domestic sphere, even though she herself admitted that she looked upon her writing as a true job. Lucy Maud Montgomery did, in fact, have a â€Å"domestic sphere. Despite her earlier romantic disappointments, she married Ewan Macdonald, a Presbyterian minister, in 1911. The couple moved to Ontario for Macdonald’s work. The couple were somewhat mismatched in personality, as Macdonald did not share Lucys passion for literature and history. However, Lucy believed it was her duty to make the marriage work, and the husband and wife settled into a friendship. The couple had two surviving sons, as well as one stillborn son. When World War I broke out, Lucy threw herself into the war effort wholeheartedly, believing it was a moral crusade and becoming nearly obsessed with news about the war. After the war ended, though, her troubles escalated: her husband suffered major depression, and Lucy herself was nearly killed by the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918. Lucy became disillusioned with the aftermath of the war and felt guilt over her own zealous support. The character of â€Å"the Piper,† a slightly sinister figure luring people, became a fixture in her later writings. During the same period, Lucy learned that her publisher, L.C. Page, had been cheating her out of her royalties for the first set of Green Gables books. After a lengthy and somewhat costly legal battle, Lucy won the case, and Page’s vindictive, abusive behavior was revealed, resulting in him losing a great deal of business. Green Gables had lost its appeal for Lucy, and she turned to other books, such as the Emily of New Moon series. Later Life and Death By 1934, Macdonald’s depression was so bad that he signed himself into a sanatorium. When he was released, however, a drug store accidentally mixed poison into his antidepressant pill; the accident nearly killed him, and he blamed Lucy, beginning a period of abuse. Macdonald’s decline coincided with Lucy’s publication of Pat of Silver Bush, a more mature and darker novel. In 1936, she returned to the Green Gables universe, publishing two more books over the next few years that filled in the gaps in Anne’s story. In June 1935, she was named to the Order of the British Empire. Lucys depression did not cease, and she became addicted to the medicines that doctors prescribed to treat it. When World War II broke out and Canada joined the war, she was anguished that the world was again plunging into war and suffering. She planned to complete another Anne of Green Gables book, The Blythes Are Quoted, but it was not published until many years later in a revised version. On April 24, 1942, Lucy Maud Montgomery was found dead in her Toronto home. Her official cause of death was coronary thrombosis, although her granddaughter suggested, years later, that she may have intentionally overdosed. Legacy Lucy Maud Montgomerys legacy has been one of creating lovable, touching, and charming novels with unique characters that remain beloved around the world. In 1943, Canada named her a National Historic Person, and there are several national historic sites preserved that are connected to her. Over the course of her life, L.M. Montgomery published 20 novels, over 500 short stories, an autobiography, and some poetry; she also edited her journals for publication. To this day, Lucy Maud Montgomery remains one of the most beloved English-language authors: someone who brought joy to millions, even when joy escaped her personally. Sources â€Å"About L. M. Montgomery.† L.M. Montgomery Institute, University of Prince Edward Island, https://www.lmmontgomery.ca/about/lmm/her-life.Heilbron, Alexandra.  Remembering Lucy Maud Montgomery. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2001.Rubio, Mary. Lucy Maud Montgomery: The Gift of Wings, Toronto: Doubleday Canada, 2008.Rubio, Mary, Elizabeth Waterston. Writing a Life: L.M. Montgomery. Toronto: ECW Press, 1995.

Modern Society is too Dependent on Technology Essay - 1

Modern Society is too Dependent on Technology - Essay Example uestion or occurrences, interviews, the growth rate of the technology and the efforts the modern society is doing to ensure that they keep in track in with the advancing technology. The position of supporting the topic is generated from obvious assumptions that the modern society cannot exist without technology. This assumption can be shared by a majority of the population living in the modern society (Morton, 2003). Homesteads and offices have been turned in to technology hubs. The position has also been influence by what goes on in my daily life; the life which highly depends on technology. In supporting my position, the modern society provides all the support. The society we live in has been exposed to technology which has made them dependent on it. According to Bauchspies, Croissant & Restivo (2005) the depth of which the society has been attached to technology cannot be reversed. Technology has impacted the society at all angles. For instance, walking into a modern office the number of electronics cannot be compared to that of paper stationeries. A modern office would have less effectiveness if they failed to use technology. The use of technology in the modern business has been termed as the best way of gaining a larger competitive advantage. According to Bauchspies, Croissant & Restivo (2005) the modern market is best accessible through the use of technology. This includes use of social sites for advertisement. Social sites provide about 30 percent the whole market in the corporate. Minus the social sites, it is visible how the corporate world would be affected. A look in both medical and scholarly institutions the scenario is the same. The operations in these institutions have been transformed to only be supported by technology. This eases the mode of operations in institutions. Computers have replaced the ancient process of records management and issuance of credit services. In proving these claims, the observing method would provide extensive answers.

Batting Biofilms Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Batting Biofilms - Assignment Example If genes which are responsible for the formation of these adhering protein molecules are deleted the bacteria are unable to form biofilms. However, it is now proved that bacteria form biofilms after communicating with each other through signal molecules, for e.g. in P. aeruginosa the relevant signaling molecules are acylated homoserine lactones which each cell produces at a low level, when enough cells assemble the concentration of these compounds increases which in turn trigger the activation of certain genes, the mechanism is known as quorum sensing, which is critical for the formation of biofilms. Since biofilms formed by P. aeruginosa is responsible for causing cystic fibrosis pneumonia, i.e. they turn virulent (disease causing). algC gene is responsible to synthesize alginate, the gelatinous polymer that makes extracellular matrix. Thus, signaling molecules to control the genes that code for virulence. During stage 1 when the bacterial cells move or swim freely and arrange themselves in cluster in order to form a biofilm; Attack strategy is employed that coats the molecules and block or disrupt microbial arrangement or attachment. During stage 2- when the collected cells begin producing a gooey matrix; Attack strategy is employed which coat the surfaces with substances that interfere with the matrix production so that film is not formed. During stage 4- when chemical gradient arise and promote the coexistence of diverse species and metabolic states; Attack strategy is employed which delivers multiple antibiotics or disinfectants to undermine the varied survival strategies of biofilm cells. Microbiologists took a very long time to size up the microbes in the biofilm. Since the establishment of germ theory, in the late 19th century by Robert Koch, bacteria were envisioned as single cells that float or swim through some kind of watery